Danke für die Tipps. Debian hätte ja selbst den Treiber ggf. nach Nachfrage besorgen können, nachdem beim Installationsablauf nach dem NIC-Problem der USB-Wlan Stick immer zeitweise gelaufen ist und Zugriff aufs Netz möglich war.
Jetzt tauchen die vergeblichen Anmeldeversuche vom WLan bei der Fritzbox auf, trotz Freigaben etc. wird das nichts. Bei WLan kam wohl irgendwo die Meldung "using nl80211 for Wifi device control"
lspci ist vorhanden:
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Atom/Celeron/Pentium Processor N4200/N3350/E3900 Series Host Bridge (rev 0b)
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Device 5a85 (rev 0b)
00:0e.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation Atom/Celeron/Pentium Processor N4200/N3350/E3900 Series Audio Cluster (rev 0b)
00:0f.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation Atom/Celeron/Pentium Processor N4200/N3350/E3900 Series Trusted Execution Engine (rev 0b)
00:12.0 SATA controller: Intel Corporation Atom/Celeron/Pentium Processor N4200/N3350/E3900 Series SATA AHCI Controller (rev 0b)
00:13.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Atom/Celeron/Pentium Processor N4200/N3350/E3900 Series PCI Express Port A #1 (rev fb)
00:13.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Atom/Celeron/Pentium Processor N4200/N3350/E3900 Series PCI Express Port A #2 (rev fb)
00:13.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Atom/Celeron/Pentium Processor N4200/N3350/E3900 Series PCI Express Port A #3 (rev fb)
00:13.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Atom/Celeron/Pentium Processor N4200/N3350/E3900 Series PCI Express Port A #4 (rev fb)
00:15.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Atom/Celeron/Pentium Processor N4200/N3350/E3900 Series USB xHCI (rev 0b)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Atom/Celeron/Pentium Processor N4200/N3350/E3900 Series Low Pin Count Interface (rev 0b)
00:1f.1 SMBus: Intel Corporation Atom/Celeron/Pentium Processor N4200/N3350/E3900 Series SMBus Controller (rev 0b)
01:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 06)
Villeicht ist das noch aussagefähig, syslog wohl ähnlich wie die messages zuvor:
Oct 19 13:38:23 Kol NetworkManager[399]: <info> [1539949103.5164] Loaded device plugin: NMWifiFactory (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/NetworkManager/libnm-device-plugin-wifi.so)
Oct 19 13:38:23 Kol NetworkManager[399]: <info> [1539949103.5903] device (lo): link connected
Oct 19 13:38:23 Kol NetworkManager[399]: <info> [1539949103.5932] manager: (lo): new Generic device (/org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/Devices/1)
Oct 19 13:38:23 Kol NetworkManager[399]: <info> [1539949103.5984] manager: (enp1s0): new Ethernet device (/org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/Devices/2)
Oct 19 13:38:23 Kol NetworkManager[399]: <info> [1539949103.6013] keyfile: add connection in-memory (060fa9c1-a216-30ae-bf6a-d9d4b695b3ce,"Kabelgebundene Verbindung 1")
Oct 19 13:38:23 Kol NetworkManager[399]: <info> [1539949103.6027] settings: (enp1s0): created default wired connection 'Kabelgebundene Verbindung 1'
Oct 19 13:38:23 Kol NetworkManager[399]: <info> [1539949103.6048] device (enp1s0): state change: unmanaged -> unavailable (reason 'managed') [10 20 2]
Oct 19 13:38:23 Kol kernel: [ 18.219190] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): enp1s0: link is not ready
Oct 19 13:38:23 Kol kernel: [ 18.219476] r8169 0000:01:00.0: firmware: failed to load rtl_nic/rtl8168e-3.fw (-2)
Oct 19 13:38:23 Kol kernel: [ 18.219546] r8169 0000:01:00.0: Direct firmware load for rtl_nic/rtl8168e-3.fw failed with error -2
Oct 19 13:38:23 Kol kernel: [ 18.219551] r8169 0000:01:00.0 enp1s0: unable to load firmware patch rtl_nic/rtl8168e-3.fw (-2)
Oct 19 13:38:23 Kol kernel: [ 18.270124] r8169 0000:01:00.0 enp1s0: link down
Oct 19 13:38:23 Kol kernel: [ 18.270219] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): enp1s0: link is not ready